Nigerian women present with breast cancer at advanced stages when little treatment benefit can be derived. A cross-sectional purposive study was designed to gather data on knowledge, cultural beliefs and attitudes towards breast cancer screening services among Nigerian women living in east London. Results indicated that educational levels, age and traditional beliefs are among the main determinants of knowledge and health behaviour among this group. Health promotion awareness programmes should be designed and tailored in a culturally sensitive manner to dispel fear of breast cancer and meet the health literacy needs of Nigerian women.